51 Peetha of 'Sati' (First Spouse of lord Shiva),
Different sacred places of Goddess Sati
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Maha-Kali and Birbhadra destroying Dakha Yajna |
According to Hindu Mythology, the fiftyone Peethaas or holy places came into being when the dissected body parts of Sati (the first spouse of Lord Shiva and the sixteenth girl or Prajapati Daksha or king Daksha) fell over different places. When the supreme god Lord Vishnu, cut Sati's dead body with his Sudarshan Chakra, (a weapon), being carried by Lord Shiva, was cut into pieces and was scattered all over the Indian sub-continent. Sati is one of the incarnation of Adya-Shakti Kali and also the first wife of lord Shiva. Once, Daksha Prajapati (Son of Lord Brahma) performed a Yajna (A Spiritual practice done with fire to offer different items to God) named Brihaspati Sarva (name of the spiritual practice or yagya), at Kankhal in Haridwar. He invited each and everyone from all the world except Lord Shiva as he is related to destruction, stays in Shamshan (Cremation Ground, where human dead bodies are buried), applies pyre ash over his body, and is sternly poor. When Dakshas daughter Sati, spouse of lord Shiva, found out that every one around the world was going to the Yajna of his father, she also decided to go and accordingly prayed to lord Shiva. Shiva advised Sati not to go there without getting an invitation. But Sati forced him to go, and Lord Shiva, unable to refuse Sati's repeated prayers, had to go to Daksha's place. When they reached the place where Yajna was being performed, her father saw Sati and started insulting her along with her husband Lord Shiva. When she felt humiliated at his father's place, she prayed to the fire of the Yajna to burn her to ashes. As per her request, the fire burnt her down and she was dead. When lord Shiva got to know about this incidence, he grew terribly angry and converted himself into a destroyer. He summoned Maha-Kali (name of the first incarnation of Adya-Shakti) and revealed his Birbhadra (Incarnation of lord Shiva) form, complete with his Jata (bunch of hair, entangled with each other). Both of thi were dangerous and scary looking, and were made to destroy everything. Lord Shiva reached Yajna site along with Maha-Kali and Birbhadra with their thousands of Ghosts and Spirits and started destroying everything and killing mercilessly. Lord Shiva placed the dead body of Sati over his shoulder and started his dance macabre. It caused huge destruction of the world. So, in order to save the world and the entire living being, Lord Vishnu used his Sudarshan Chakra to cut down Sati's body into pieces . Wherever a piece of the dead body of Sati had fallen, that place was considered as a Shakti Peetha.
There are different number of "Peethaas" mentioned in scriptures of "Sati", each differing from the other but recognition is of "Fiftyone Peethaas".
1). According to Shiva Charitra (depicting Lord Shiva's Character), the numbers of Shakti Peethaas are 51.2). According to Kalika Puran, the number of Shakti Peethaas are 26.
3). According to Devi Bhagwat Puran, the number of Shakti Peethaas are 108.
4). According to Tantra Chudamani and Durga Saptasati, the number of Shakti Peethaas are 52.
The below-mentioned places are where Sati's Body part or Ornaments had fallen :
Hinglaj ShaktiPeetha, Brahmarandhra (Top of the Head), Pakistan |
1.Hinglaj ShaktiPeetha : Brahmarandhra (Top of the Head) of Sati fell in lyari Tahasil in Baluchistan province of Pakistan, Markan Coast near (Las) bela, on the bank of Hingol river, in the mountain cave of Hinglaj and in the middle of Hingol National park, which is 125 km away from north-east of Karachi, Pakistan. Here Goddess is in the form of "Kottari Shakti" and "Bhimlochan" appears as Vairabh. This temple is located in small natural Cave, where she is worshiped in a small round piece of stone, smeared with sindoor (vermilion).
Mahisasur-Mardini, Eyes Pakistan |
3. Sugandha ShaktiPeetha : Shakti or Devi Sugandha also consider as Ekjata , situated in Shikarpur, which is 20 km north from district Barisal in Bangladesh. Here, in Uttar Shikarpur village, on the bank of Sunanda river, nose of Sati had fallen and here she is in the form of "Sunanda or Devi Tara or Ekjata and Tryambak" appears as airabh. This temple is famous for the festival in Shiv Ratri or Shiv Chaturdasi mela.
Mahamaya ShaktiPeetha, Thorat Amarnath Cave, J & K, India |
Jwala ShaktiPeetha, Toung Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India |
Tripura Malini ShaktiPeetha, Left Chest Jalandhar, Punjab, India |
Amba ShaktiPeetha, Heart Ambaji, Aravali Hills, Gujrat, India |
Guhyeshwari ShaktiPeetha, Booth Knees Pasupatinath, Kathmandu, Nepal |
Dakshayani ShaktiPeetha, leg Kailash Mountain, Tibet, China |
Biraj ShaktiPeetha, Navel, Cuttak, Odissa, India |
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Gandaki Chandi ShaktiPeetha, Forhead, Muktinath, Dhawalagiri, Nepal |
Bahula ShaktiPeetha, Left Hand, Ketugram, Katwa, Bardhaman ,West Bengal, India |
Mangala Chandika ShaktiPeetha, Right Wrist, Ujani, Guskara, Barddhaman, West Bengal, India |
Tripur Vairavi ShaktiPeetha, Right Foot, Udaipur, Agartala, India |
Bhawani ShaktiPeetha, Right Arm, Sitakunda, Chittagong, in Bangladesh |
Bhramari or Trisrota ShaktiPeetha, Left Lef, Vodaganj, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India |
Kamakhya ShaktiPeetha, Vagina (Genital Organ), Kamakhya, Assam, India |
Jugaadya ShaktiPeetha, Toe of Right Foot, Khirgram, Mangalkot, Barddhaman, West Bengal, India |
Mahakali ShaktiPeetha, Four fingers of Right Foot, Kolkata, West Bengal, India |
Lalita or Alopi ShaktiPeetha, Both Hands, Prayag, Allahabad, UP, India |
Jayanti ShaktiPeetha, Left Thight, Jaintia-pur, Sylhet, Bangladesh. |
22. Vimla ShaktiPeetha : This Peetha is near Lalbagh court road of Murshidabad District of West Bengal, India. Here, the Crown of Sati had fallen, she is in the form of Devi Vimla and Samvart appears as Vairabh.
23. Vishalakshi ShaktiPeetha : This Peetha is near Manikarnika Ghat and Annapurna Devi temple, in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. Here, the earrings of Sati had fallen, she is in the form of Devi Vishalakshi and Kal-Vairabh appears as Vairabh.
24. Sravani ShaktiPeetha : This Peetha is in Kumari Kunda, Chittagong District, in Bangladesh. Here, Spine of Sati had fallen, she is in the form of Devi Sravani and Nimish as Vairabh.
25. Savitri or Bhadra Kali ShaktiPeetha : Near Dwaipayan Sarovar (lake), Thanesar, Kurukshetra, Haryana in India, ankle bone of Sati had fallen. Here she is in the form of Savitri or Bhadra Kali and Sthanu appears as Vairabh.
26. Gayatri ShaktiPeetha : On the Gayatri hills of Pushkar in Ajmer in the state of Rajasthan in India, 2 bracelets of Sati had fallen. Here she is in the form of Gayatri and Sarvananda appears as Vairabh.
27. Mahalakshmi ShaktiPeetha : On Sri-Shail of Jaunpur Village, 3 km north-east of Sylhet town in Bangladesh, neck of Sati had fallen. Here she is in the form of Maha-Lakshmi (Goddess of Wealth) and Shambaraanand appears as Vairabh.
28. Devgarbh or Kankaleswari ShaktiPeetha : Bone of Sati fell in Kankali Tala or Kanchi, on the bank of Kopai river to the north east of Bolpur (Shantiniketan), in Birbhum District of West Bengal in India. Here Devi is in the form of Kankaleswari and Ruru appears as Vairabh.
29. Kali ShaktiPeetha : Left buttock of Sati fell in a cave on the bank of Shon river in Kamladhav, Amarkantak of Shahdol District in Madhya Pradesh, India. Here Devi is in the form of Kali and Asitang appears as Vairabh.
30. Narmada ShaktiPeetha : Right buttock of Sati fell at the ianation of Narmada river, at Shondesh, Amarkantak at Shahdol District in Madhya Pradesh, India. Here Devi is in the form of Narmada and Bhadrasen appears as Vairabh.
31. Shivani ShaktiPeetha : Right breast of Sati fell in the Ramgiri Mountain range of Sitapur village of Chitrakut district in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Here Devi is in the form of Shivani and Chand appears as Vairabh.
32. Uma ShaktiPeetha : Ringlets of Sati's hair fell near Bhooteswar temple in Vrindavan of Mathura district in Uttar Pradesh, India. This place is also very famous as the birth place of lord Krishna. Here Devi is in the form of Uma and Bhootesh appears as Vairabh.
33. Narayani ShaktiPeetha : This Peetha is in Shuchiteertham near Kanya-Kumari of Tamilnadu state in India. Here,teeth of upper jaw of Sati had fallen; she is in the form of Devi Narayani and Sanhar appears as Vairabh.
34. Varahi ShaktiPeetha : This Peetha is well known by Shakti Teertha, Narasimha Wadi, Near Sangli Dist. of Maharastra in India. Here, teeth of lower jaw of Sati had fallen, she is in the form of Devi Varahi and Maha-Rudra appears as Vairabh.
35. Aparna ShaktiPeetha : This Peetha is in Bhavani-Pur village of Sherpur, Bagura district in Bangladesh. Here, Left Anklet (Ornament) of Sati had fallen, she is in the form of Devi Aparna and Vaaman appears as Vairabh.
36. Sundari or Bala-Tripur Sundari ShaktiPeetha : Right Anklet (Ornament) of Sati, fell in Tripurantakam, near Srishailam in Andhra Pradesh, India. Here Devi is in the form of Sundari or Bala-Tripur Sundari Shakti and Sundaranand appears as Vairabh.
37. Kapalini ShaktiPeetha : Left ankle of Sati fell in Tamluk, Medinipur district of West Bengal in India. Here Devi is in the form of Kapalini Shakti and Sarvananda appears as Vairabh.
38. Chandrabhaga ShaktiPeetha : Stomach of Sati fell in Somnath, Veraval or Saurastra or Prabhas-Khetra in Junagarh district of Gujarat State in India. It is also well known as one of Lord Shiva's Jyotirlinga. Here Devi is in the form of Chandrabhaga Shakti and Vakratunda appears as Vairabh.
39. Avanti ShaktiPeetha : Upper lips of Sati fell in Ghar-Kali of Ujjain in the state of Madhya Pradesh in India. Here Devi is in the form of Avanti Shakti and Lambakaran appears as Vairabh.
40. Bhramari ShaktiPeetha : Both parts of the chin of Sati fell in Janasthaan in the Godavari river-valley of Nasik district in the state of Maharashtra in India. Here Devi is in the form of Bhramari Shakti and Vakrakataaksh appears as Vairabh.
41. Vishweswari ShaktiPeetha : In Draksharamam, near Rajahmundry district of Andhra Pradesh in India, cheeks of Sati had fallen. Here she is in the form of Vishweswari Shakti and Vatsaambha appears as Vairabh.
42. Ambika ShaktiPeetha : At Biraat of Bharatpur district of Rajasthan in India, fingers of left feet of Sati had fallen. Here she is in the form of Ambika Shakti and Amriteswar appears as Vairabh.
43. Kumari ShaktiPeetha : On the bank of Ratnakar River, in Khanakul, Krishnagar of Hooghly district of West Bengal in India, right shoulder of Sati had fallen. Here she is in the form of Kumari Shakti and Shiva appears as Vairabh.
44. Uma ShaktiPeetha : At Mithila, near Janakpur Railway-Station, (near Indo-Nepal border) in India, left shoulder of Sati had fallen. Here she is in the form of Uma or Neel-Saraswati Shakti and Mahodar appears as Vairabh.
45. Nalhateswari or Kalika ShaktiPeetha : This Peetha is in Nalhati, of Birbhum district in the state of West Bengal in India. Here, vocal pipe of Sati had fallen, she is in the form of Devi Nalhateswari Shakti and Yogesh appears as Vairabh.
Chamudeswari or Durga ShaktiPeetha, Both Ears, Mysore, Karnanata, India |
Mahishmardini ShaktiPeetha, Center Portion of Eye-Brows Vakreswar, Birbhum, West Bengal, India |
Yogeswari ShaktiPeetha, Feet and Hands of Sati, Jashore, Khulna, Bangladesh |
Fullora ShaktiPeetha, Lower Lips, Labhpur, Birbhum, West Bengal, India |
Nandini or Nadikeswari ShaktiPeetha, Neck Bone, Nandipur, Saithia, Birbhum, West Bengal, India |
Indrakshi ShaktiPeetha, Anklet (ornament), Nallur, Sri Lanka |
Countrywise number of Shakti Peethaa's are :
Sri Lanka : One (1) Shakti Peethas
Pakistan : Two (2) Shakti Peethas
Tibet (China) : One (1) Shakti Peethas
Bangladesh : Six (6) Shakti Peethas
Nepal : Two (2) Shakti Peethas
India : Thirty Eight (38) Peethas
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